Doing Business in Poland

Investor's Guide 2025

Poland — your strategic gateway to European success

Discover why Poland ranks among the EU’s top economies: competitive costs, a highly skilled workforce, resilient fundamentals, and direct access to the EU single market.

6th
Largest EU economy
2.7%
Unemployment (2023)
€14.5
Avg. labour cost / hr
93%
Foreign entities choose LLC
50k+
IT companies

Poland's economic strength

Stable growth, strong fundamentals and broad investor confidence.

Key economic achievements

  • Only EU country to avoid recession in 2009.
  • Swift GDP recovery in 2021 following the pandemic.
  • Consistent growth since EU accession (2004).
  • Competitive debt-to-GDP ratio among CEE nations.
  • Solid sovereign ratings and steady macro outlook.

Strategic advantages for investors

Location, logistics and a growing green economy.

Central EU location & infrastructure

  • Crossroads of European trade routes — fast access to EU markets.
  • 15 airports, 4 major maritime ports and extensive rail and road networks.
  • Large domestic market (38M) with access to the 450M EU market.

Growing green energy market

  • Renewable share: ~26% (2023) — significant growth since 2015.
  • Coal phase-out targets and rapid renewable capacity additions.
  • Strong EU cohesion and regional funding support for green projects.

Highly skilled workforce

  • Higher education: 300+ institutes, 1.2M+ students
  • Graduates: 300k+ per year (15% engineering/technical)
  • English proficiency: Strong levels across large cities
  • Labor costs: Competitive vs Western EU (example: €14.5/h)

High-potential investment sectors

Sectors where foreign investors find the most traction.

Electromobility

Home to large EV battery and component investments.

  • Major battery and vehicle projects (Mercedes, Ionway JV).
  • Strong supplier network and local manufacturing base.

ICT & IT

Large talent pool and growing export value.

  • 50k+ companies, ~430k employees in ICT.
  • High share of exports and global services delivery.

Aerospace

Strong legacy and supplier network.

  • 200+ companies, established production clusters.
  • Significant sub-supplier ecosystem for aircraft components.

Business services

CEE leader for BSS/SSC centers.

  • 1,300+ centers; regional hub for shared services and outsourcing.

MedTech & Pharma

Rapidly growing market in CEE.

  • $11B+ market size with strong manufacturing capabilities.

Food processing

Traditional strength with EU export reach.

  • Well-developed agribusiness and export channels to EU markets.

Investment incentives & tax highlights

Support and schemes to boost project viability.

Incentives

  • CIT exemptions via Polish Investment Zones
  • R&D tax relief: enhanced deduction for qualifying innovation costs
  • IP Box regime: reduced rate on qualifying IP income
  • Government grants for strategic investments (cap varies)

Tax system highlights

  • CIT: 19% standard (9% for small taxpayers)
  • VAT: 23% standard (reduced rates: 8%/5%; 0% exports)
  • PIT: progressive 12% / 32% (other regimes available)

Support & funding

  • EU cohesion funds and regional development programs
  • Local incentive packages and co-financing for job creation
  • Advisory support for foreign investor processes

Business setup & operations

Common structures, timelines and practical notes for foreign founders.

Most common forms

Limited Liability Company (LLC) is the most chosen form (≈93% of foreign entities). Sole proprietorship is common for freelancers and small IT firms.

Registration & capital

  • LLC registration: traditional 3–4 weeks or ~24 hours via S24 (online) in many cases
  • Minimum capital for LLC: PLN 5,000 (approx. €1,060)
  • EU citizens may establish on same terms as Polish citizens (no work permit)
Regulatory framework:

Poland follows EU harmonised rules and ranks well in the region for business regulation and investor protection. Specific incentives and conditions may vary regionally — local advice is recommended.

Ready to establish your business in Poland?

Architecture of Sales provides expert guidance for foreign investors seeking to capitalise on Poland’s opportunities.

From formation to incentives — tailored support for your project

We help with company formation, local compliance, funding navigation and introduction to partners and suppliers.

Prefer a quick call? Use the contact button or email us to arrange a free consultation.

“From company formation to incentives — our team ensures your seamless entry into the Polish market.”
— Architecture of Sales Agency